Treating osteoarthritis with active physiotherapy
What are the main symptoms of osteoarthritis?
The main symptoms of osteoarthritis are joint pain and stiffness, but also loss of range of motion. Joint mobility may be reduced, making certain movements difficult to perform. Osteoarthritis can also manifest itself as swelling of the joints, causing discomfort and further restriction of mobility.
What is osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis (joint inflammation). It is a complex pathology that can affect several joints, but most commonly affects the knees, hips and hands. Osteoarthritis affects all joint tissues, including cartilage, bone, ligaments and muscles. It generally occurs later in life, usually after the age of 50. However, it can begin earlier in the course of joint trauma. Osteoarthritis may be primary, i.e. without a history of trauma, or secondary to trauma or injury.
It's important to note that osteoarthritis isn't just what you see on medical imaging (X-ray, CT scan, MRI). A joint with "a lot" of osteoarthritis may not cause any symptoms or disability. For example, 80% of the American population over the age of 65 have radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis, while only 60% of osteoarthritis patients have symptoms. In many cases, osteoarthritis does not cause symptoms.
The first-line, non-medicinal treatment for osteoarthritis is active physiotherapy.
What causes osteoarthritis?
Osteoarthritis is a multifactorial disease, with several risk factors contributing to its development.
First of all, the risk of osteoarthritis increases withage. Genetics are also a risk factor, as family history can increase susceptibility to osteoarthritis.
Obesity and metabolic disorders can also contribute to the development of osteoarthritis. Excess weight exerts additional pressure on weight-bearing joints (knees, hips), increasing the risk of damage.
Women are also more likely to develop osteoarthritis, especially after the menopause.
People with a history of injury and trauma are prone to the development of osteoarthritis.
Finally, there are biomechanical factors. Muscle weakness, joint hyperlaxity and other biomechanical imbalances can also contribute to joint degradation.
Our physiotherapists can help you treat your osteoarthritis.
Which treatment for osteoarthritis at CARE Charmilles?
Physiotherapy treatment of osteoarthritis begins with a complete assessment of your situation, your expectations and your goals.
The physiotherapeutic treatments offered at CARE Charmilles follow the recommendations of the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) and the American College of Rheumatology (ACR). Treatment may include the following therapies:
- Exercises (muscle strengthening, balneotherapy, balance, cardio-respiratory training)
- Therapeutic education
- Weight management (if necessary)
- Home exercise program
- Support in resuming or maintaining regular physical activity
- Installation of an adapted technical aid (cane, crutch, walker)
Other therapies may be complementary:
- Manual therapy
- Cryotherapy
- Taping
If conservative treatment is insufficient, surgery (prosthesis) may be considered in consultation with your doctor. Pre- and/or post-operative physiotherapy is generally required.
